Special notes of Social Science Class VIII Ch-1 (Resources: Utilisation and development)

 Special notes of Social Science Class VIII Ch-1 (Resources: Utilisation and development)

          

      Class-8, Social Science, Notes

Chapter 1, Resources: Utilisation and Development

 🔶 Resources: All the things on the earth, which are necessary for our existence on this planet, are known as resources.

 🔶 Factors effecting utilisation of Resources—

1. Availability of resources     
2. Skill of human beings   
3. Availability of capital    
4. Availability of water    
5. Advancement of technology   
6. Availability of transport & communication       

🔶 Developed Countries- Countries who are economically self-sufficient and technologically developed are called developed countries. For example: USA, Germany, France etc.

🔶 Developing Countries- Countries who are not economically self-sufficient and technologically developed instead they are developing are called developing countries. For example: India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka etc.

🔶 Need of Classification of Resources- 

For the detailed study of resources, there is a need to classify the resources.

🔶 Classification of Resources on the basis of Renewability-    

 (i) Renewable Resources 
(ii) Non-renewable Resources

♦️ Renewable Resources- Resources which can be renewed either naturally or by human efforts, are called renewable resources. They are also known as inexhaustible resources. Example: Solar energy, Wind energy, Tidal energy, Geothermal energy etc.

♦️ Non- Renewable Resources- Resources which take millions of years to form are known as non-renewable resources. They are also called Exhaustible resources. Examples: Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas etc.

🔶 Classification based on origin- 

(i) Biotic Resources 
(ii) Abiotic Resources

♦️ Biotic Resources- Resources which are obtained from biosphere and have life, are called biotic resources. Examples- Birds, animals, fish etc.

♦️ Abiotic Resources- All non-living resources are known as abiotic resources. Examples: Land, Water, Minerals etc.

🔶 Classification based on Occurrence-   
  
  (i) Natural resources
  (ii) Man-made resources

♦️ Natural Resources- Resources available from nature in the form of water, minerals, forests etc and used by human beings to satisfy their needs, are known as natural resources.

♦️ Man-made Resources- Resources created by human beings to satisfy their needs are known as man-made resources. Examples: Roads, Buildings, Machines etc.

🔶 Classification based on the development of Resources-      

 (i) Potential Resources
 (ii) Actual Resources

♦️ Potential Resources- Available resources in a country which are not fully trapped are called Potential resources. Examples: Petroleum can be found in old sedimentary rocks of Himalayas but it has not been tapped due to lack of technology.

♦️Actual Resources- Those resources of the country which have been thoroughly surveyed and their quantities have been ascertained are called Actual resources. For Examples Saudi Arabia has 25.9% of the world oil reserves.

🔶 Sustainable Development- The development that takes place without damaging the environment is called Sustainable Development. Resources should be utilised judiciously so that after fulfilling our present requirements, they are also conserved for the future generations. Therefore it is essential that we: 

(1) Use all renewable resources judiciously
(2) Minimise the depletion of natural resources.
(3) Conserve the varied species

🔶 Conservation of resources-  Sustainable and optimum utilization of resources are called conservation of resources. Development of technology, Human skills and population control is essential for a long-term sustainability of natural resources. Always follow 5R’s, i.e. reduce, reuse, recycle, refuse and rethink for the conservation of resources.